Understanding sex and gender is fundamental to advancing scientific research and addressing social issues. This week, Nature launched a collection of opinion articles focused on sex and gender in research, highlighting the importance and challenges of studying these topics. Despite the growing relevance of these discussions, many researchers face increasing resistance and fear regarding this work, which underscores the need for more robust exploration rather than avoidance. Addressing Challenges in Sex and Gender Studies Research into sex and gender has historically been skewed toward a male-centric perspective, with many studies focusing predominantly on men or male animals. This bias has had serious repercussions, as evidenced by the removal of eight prescription drugs from the US market between 1997 and 2000 due to health risks for women that were overlooked during clinical trials. However, progress is being made. Journals like those in the Nature Portfolio and funding bodies such as the US National Institutes of Health have implemented guidelines that encourage researchers to consider sex and gender in their work. This shift is yielding valuable insights, revealing that a person's sex or gender can impact their risk of disease, response to treatment, and overall health outcomes. Despite these gains, many researchers remain hesitant to include sex and gender information in their studies due to fear of misinterpretation, misuse, or polarizing debates. This apprehension is fueled by the often-intense disagreements surrounding these topics and the risk of being caught in ideological conflicts. However, it is crucial that scientists persist in exploring sex and gender differences, as these studies can illuminate critical aspects of human biology and health. Finding a Way Forward Through Open Dialogue While disagreements on sex and gender are inevitable, it's important to approach them with open dialogue and a focus on scientific rigor. The debate shouldn't discourage research; instead, it should encourage more nuanced approaches that recognize the complexities of sex and gender. For example, some researchers argue that comparing males and females can overlook the variability within each group, suggesting a need for more sophisticated methods of analysis. Legislation and societal pressures contribute to the tension around sex and gender studies, but researchers must continue their work to expand our understanding of these topics. The Nature collection aims to promote a balanced and informed approach, encouraging scholars to explore sex and gender in a way that respects diversity and seeks to minimize harm. Ultimately, these studies are essential for achieving a more inclusive and equitable world. By advancing knowledge and fostering a more nuanced understanding of sex and gender, researchers can help shape policies, improve healthcare, and reduce discrimination. Despite the challenges, the need for sex and gender studies is clear, and avoiding this work is not an option.

Sex and Gender Studies: Unlocking Equality and Social Justice

Science Technology Latest News - May 3, 2024

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Understanding the R-Word and Its Origins The R-word and its variations, such as "R-worded," are euphemisms for "retard" and "retarded." Originally introduced as a medical term to describe individuals with intellectual impairments, it was meant to be neutral but has since evolved into a derogatory slur. The term "mental retardation" was officially replaced by "intellectual disabilities" or "cognitive disabilities" in medical and legal contexts. Efforts to eliminate the R-word gained momentum with the passage of Rosa's Law in 2010, which removed references to "mental retardation" "Harmful Impact on brain" from US federal law. Subsequently, new terminology, such as "intellectual developmental disorders" and "intellectual disability," was adopted in the DSM-5 and the ICD-11, reflecting a more respectful and inclusive approach. Intent vs. Impact: Recognizing the Consequences of Language While some may argue that they use the R-word without intending to offend, it's essential to recognize the harmful impact of language on individuals and communities. Language evolves, and what may have been acceptable in the past can now be considered harmful and discriminatory. Choosing to use terms like "intellectual developmental disorders" acknowledges the dignity and humanity of individuals with cognitive disabilities. Campaigns Against the R-Word: Promoting Awareness and Change Organizations like the Special Olympics have spearheaded campaigns to raise awareness about the harmful effects of the R-word. Through initiatives like "Spread the Word to End the Word," individuals are encouraged to pledge not to use the R-word and to promote more inclusive language. Celebrities, including actress Lauren Potter, have lent their voices to denounce the use of the R-word, amplifying the message of respect and dignity for all. Educating Future Generations: Teaching Kids to Choose Respectful Language Bullying, including the use of derogatory language like the R-word, remains a prevalent issue in schools. Research indicates that educating children about the importance of respectful language can effectively reduce harmful impact of R-word and its use. By equipping students with the tools to address these issues and empowering them to speak up, we can create more inclusive environments where all individuals feel valued and respected. Moving Forward: Embracing Respectful Language Practices As society continues to evolve, so too must our language and attitudes towards individuals with disabilities. By retiring the R-word from our vocabulary and embracing more respectful language practices, we affirm our commitment to fostering a society that values diversity and inclusion. Let us seize the opportunity to create a world where every individual is treated with the dignity and respect they deserve. In summary, the use of the R-word is not only outdated but also harmful and disrespectful. By replacing it with more inclusive language and promoting awareness about its negative impact, we can create a more compassionate and inclusive society for individuals of all abilities. Let's join together in retiring the R-word and embracing language that reflects our commitment to respect, dignity, and equality for all.

The Harmful Impact of the R-Word: Why It Needs to Be Retired

Science Technology Latest News - April 18, 2024

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First 5G-enabled Surgery performed by Doctor

Science Technology Latest News - May 5, 2024 0

5G Surgery: A Leap Towards Remote-Controlled Operations 5G technology is paving the way for significant advancements in the medical field, including the possibility of remote-controlled surgery. This became evident when a Spanish doctor successfully conducted the world's first 5G-powered telementored operation, demonstrating the remarkable potential of 5G in surgical procedures. First 5G Telementored Surgery in Barcelona Doctor Antonio de Lacy, head of the gastrointestinal surgery service at Hospital Clinic in Barcelona, performed the first 5G-enabled telementored surgery during the Mobile World Congress, the mobile industry's largest annual event. De Lacy provided real-time guidance to a surgical team via a 5G video link while they operated on a patient with an intestinal tumor, located about five kilometers away at the Hospital Clinic. This groundbreaking operation showcased the advantages of 5G, particularly its low latency, which is crucial for high-definition image transmission and real-time decision-making during surgeries. The 5G connection had a latency of just 0.01 seconds, a significant improvement compared to the 0.27-second lag experienced with 4G networks. This reduced latency is a critical factor in ensuring the precision and accuracy needed for remote surgeries. The Potential of 5G in Remote Surgery The use of 5G technology in this telementored surgery represents a significant step towards a future where remote operations become a reality. Experts believe that 5G will enable surgeons to control robotic arms for surgeries in remote locations, allowing patients in areas without specialist doctors to receive advanced medical care. During the demonstration, De Lacy used a 5G video link to draw on a screen, indicating where nerves were located in the intestine, and guided the surgical team through the procedure. This technology's ability to provide real-time feedback with minimal latency opens new possibilities for remote-assisted surgeries. John Hoffman, CEO of GSMA, which organizes the Mobile World Congress, described this as "the world's first 5G-mentored live surgery." He noted that this is just one of the many benefits that 5G will bring, highlighting its potential to revolutionize not only the medical field but also other industries, such as multiplayer gaming, factory robotics, and self-driving cars. Overall, the successful 5G-powered telementored operation demonstrates that 5G technology can significantly impact the way surgeries are conducted, making remote-controlled procedures a tangible possibility. With its low latency and fast speeds, 5G has the potential to transform the healthcare landscape and extend the reach of expert medical care to even the most remote corners of the world.

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First 5G-enabled Surgery performed by Doctor